The Personal Safety Initiative (PSI) is a non-crisis program that uses safety and security measures to help victim survivors to remain safely at home, deter breaches of intervention orders and support evidence collection to hold perpetrators accountable. Rather than expecting victim survivors to relocate, the PSI focuses on strengthening safety and security where victim survivors live. “Women shouldn’t have to leave their homes or their communities,” Gen says. “They should be able to stay, especially when they’re caring for children.”

Gen coordinates a highly specialised response. This can include installing CCTV and sensor lighting, coordinating bug sweeps of homes and vehicles, checking for tracking devices or dash cams, and arranging forensic sweeps of mobile phones for spyware. Importantly, the technology used must meet a high evidentiary standard. “The goal is accountability,” Gen explains. “The main focus is to capture evidence that can be used in court if an intervention order is breached.”

But the PSI is not about installing cameras by default. Assessing eligibility and suitability is a critical part of Gen’s role. She works closely with family violence practice workers to identify the specific risks each victim survivor is facing and whether PSI would meaningfully reduce those risks. “If a person using violence doesn’t know where the victim survivor is living, cameras might not make sense,” she says. “But if there’s a pattern of him tracking her down, then we think more broadly about what could help.”

Strict criteria apply. Generally, the victim survivor and person using violence cannot be living together, and a full exclusion intervention order must be in place. There are limited exceptions, where an intervention order could escalate risk. “The victim survivor also has to be prepared to report breaches,” Gen notes. “That’s not easy, and it’s something we talk through carefully.”

Gen is clear that cameras alone do not keep women safe. PSI always includes a security assessment of the home, along with safety and support planning. However, the presence of high-quality security measures can deter breaches, particularly when the person using violence would have their employment or freedom seriously affected through criminal convictions.

Since PSI began in 2017, Gen has seen the program evolve alongside broader system changes. The current housing crisis has made it much harder for women and children to relocate, increasing demand for support to remain safely at home. New funding is currently being trialled, allowing faster access to smaller interventions, such as phone or vehicle sweeps, without the full PSI process.

“It’s incredibly empowering for women to take control of their homes,” Gen says. “Many never thought they’d be able to do that.” Still, the injustice lingers. “It makes me angry when women and children experience such upheaval, but it’s happening far less often. It’s more common for the person using violence to be excluded from the home. This used to be the exception rather than the norm and it’s great to see this progress.”

What began as silence, became the catalyst for regional transformation; the power of a quiet moment led us to reshape how we grow, learn and lead alongside the disability community.

The idea was first born when no questions were asked in the Q&A section of a presentation on the intersection of family violence and disability. We knew the practitioners had questions, but why weren’t they asking? Confidence. The Diversity Dialogues webinar series was an opportunity to confront the silence and increase practitioner confidence in supporting people with a disability.

Violence against women and girls is driven by gender inequality, and ableism is the social context which gives rise to and supports violence against people with disabilities. The compounding nature of these factors creates the intersection between gender inequality and ableism and drives violence against women and girls with disabilities.[1]

One in four women have experienced intimate partner violence in Australia; and women with disability are two to three times more likely to experience intimate partner violence since the age of 15, compared to women without a disability. Due to limitations in data collection methods, the rates of violence experienced by women and girls with a disability are likely to be much higher than the available data indicates.[2]

Building workforce capability is key to improving responses and preventing violence against women and children with disabilities, including addressing unconscious bias and ableism. Increasing staff capability also requires amplifying practitioner confidence, to create long-term, attitudinal and cultural change. Therefore, our priority is to increase practitioner confidence whilst simultaneously addressing practice and system-related issues and barriers.

The Diversity Dialogues series supported practitioners across a range of fields and backgrounds. A Family Services practitioner reflected that, “What made this webinar, and the broader Diversity Dialogues series especially memorable was the variety of guest speakers, including those with lived experience, disabilities, and professional expertise. Their diverse perspectives brought depth and authenticity to the discussions, making the content not only informative but deeply engaging. This blend of voices created a rich learning environment that encouraged reflection and challenged conventional thinking in a way that felt both relevant and inspiring. ”

At a systems level, Dr Kylie Cocking, Project Officer Quality, Systems & Development told us “The series highlighted the role we can all play in closing the gaps for people with disability who experience family violence.”

CNV compiled resources from the 12-part webinar series and commissioned artwork for the cover, designed by Tanya Higgins, a local artist who is a victim survivor living with trauma-induced schizophrenia. We are now the proud owners of this artwork that hangs in CNV’s Pall Mall office for all to see.

When speaking with Tanya, the journey she went on while creating the artwork as helping her let go and supporting her to tell her story. Tanya is passionate about her artwork helping to show other victim survivors that there is good in the world, despite what they are experiencing currently and empowering them to imagine what a life of safety could look like.

Throughout this process, Tanya has been supported by local art therapist, Melissa Harrington from Scribbles Allied Therapy and reflects on how transformative art therapy has been for her healing journey. Tanya shares that she was not able to find the rights words to tell her story through the mainstream clinical approach, and reinforces that for her and many others alike, physical safety did not equate to feeling safe. Tanya talks about how different her life and healing journey would have looked if she found art therapy 20 years ago. Tanya credits the process of art therapy to the reclaiming of her life.

CNV recognised the opportunity and importance of commissioning an artist with a disability, specifically as a non-disability organisation and our responsibility as a specialist family violence service, to acknowledge the high prevalence of violence against women and girls with disabilities. We are proud to showcase Tanya’s artwork and express our gratitude for the privilege of her trusting us with her story and artwork.

The theme for International Day of People with Disability 2025 is ‘Fostering disability-inclusive societies for advancing social progress’. [3]

Fostering disability-inclusive societies means creating communities, systems, and services where people with disabilities are valued, respected and fully able to participate in all aspects of life. This involves recognising that people with disabilities experience amplified forms of violence that target their disabilities, barriers to safety, and exclusion from mainstream responses.

Manager of the Community Inclusion and Women’s Empowerment program at Women with Disabilities Victoria, and Chair of the Loddon Family Violence Disability Practice Leader Steering Committee, Liz Wright, reminds us why inclusion is so important.

“Because of the over representation and diversity of women with disabilities, there is a need for active inclusion and to challenge the status quo, through storytelling, listening to the disability community and responding in a more nuanced way to prevent violence and create better long-term outcomes for women and gender diverse people,” says Liz.

By raising this profile, CNV helps build a society where inclusion and safety are mutually reinforcing, where preventing and responding to family violence become part of a larger movement toward justice, equality, collective wellbeing, and participation are realised for everyone.

[1] Our Watch, & Women with Disabilities Victoria. (2022). Changing the landscape: A national resource to prevent violence against women and girls with disabilities. Melbourne, Australia: Our Watch.

[2] Ibid.

[3] International Day of Persons with Disabilities – 3 December | Division for Inclusive Social Development (DISD). (2024, December 3). https://social.desa.un.org/issues/disability/international-day-of-persons-with-disabilities-3-december

This event is a highlight on our calendar as it is a wonderful opportunity for the team to meet and greet with students and teachers alike and discuss all things prevention and gender and social equality.

CNV hosted an interactive activity inviting students aged 15-18 to consider what they regard as ‘green flag’ or ‘red flag’ behaviour in relationships. Students were asked to consider a diverse range of relationships including but not limited to:

• Romantic
• Family (including parents, grandparents, siblings etc)
• Family-like, family of choice
• Kin
• Friends
• Carers/Guardians

CNV staff were blown away by the response: with over 50 student contributions to our activity and numerous, diverse conversations with many more young people and teachers alike, we were able to connect their understandings of respectful relationships with broader concepts around gender equality and drivers of violence.

The themes that consistently showed up included:

• Importance of feeling seen, heard and recognised as their own person
• Importance of setting and respecting boundaries
• Importance of clear communication – (a crucial principle in D&I to ensure everyone feels respect, heard and understood)

These incredible insights sit against a backdrop where young people are increasingly exposed to a disturbing rise in the normalisation of misogynist attitudes and behaviours.  While misogyny has always been present – the rise of accessibility to misogynistic influencers, such as Andrew Tate – is changing the landscape, particularly for young people.

The rise in tech-facilitated abuse, online grooming and exposure has meant that children and young people are increasingly exposed to violent and harmful online content, including messaging which reinforces rigid stereotypes and gender roles.[1] The expectation then put on young boys and men to hold and adhere to performative heteronormative and toxic presentations of masculinity has been having devastating social and relationship impacts, particularly within schools.

Researchers are reporting disturbingly high increases in sexist, misogynistic behaviours amongst teen boys, with female students reporting in large numbers that they are increasingly and rapidly feeling unsafe at school. Equally, teachers across the state are noticing that female students are quieter in classrooms and no longer speaking up as they used to.[2] The change is visible. And it’s not just contained to the classroom.

According to Hayley Boxall a criminologist at the Australian National University, ‘[s]ervice providers are getting younger referrals and seeing a disturbing rise in peer-on-peer sexual violence’.[3]

Capturing the voices and experiences of young people is critical in deepening our understanding and informing our prevention and response approaches. As service providers working in prevention and response, it is more important than ever before that we listen up to better understand young people’s experiences of and understandings of family and gendered violence and importantly how critical respect is in ending violence.

It was an immense privilege to hear from the students at BSSC and see firsthand their commitment to raising the profile of respectful relationships.

[1] Over H, Bunce C, Baggaley J, Zendle D. ‘Understanding the influence of online misogyny in schools from the perspective of teachers’, in PLOSone, Vol.20(2):e0299339. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299339. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11864523/ [Accessed: 25 November 2025]

[2] Victorian Women’s Trust 2024. ‘Malevolent Influence: Schools and the Shadow of Andrew Tate’, webinar, 1 May.

[3] Perez L 2025. ‘Teen boys, misogyny, and violence – could Adolescence be Australia’s wake-up call?, article in, ANU Reporter, 24 April. Available from: https://cass.anu.edu.au/news/teen-boys-misogyny-and-violence-could-adolescence-be-australias-wake-call [accessed: 24 November 2025]

Family violence is the leading cause of homelessness in Australia; and with soaring rents, low vacancy rates, interest rate rises and housing affordability at an all-time low, we know the situation is only getting harder for women and children seeking safety, wellbeing and a life free from violence.

The choice to stay in a violent relationship, or face homelessness is no choice at all. Yet for people experiencing family violence, it is often one they are forced to make.

Nationally, two in five people facing housing insecurity and requiring specialist housing support were experiencing family violence: 90 per cent of those seeking specialist homelessness support services were women and children.[1]

At CNV, our clients consistently tell us that one of the driving factors that inform their decision-making on whether to leave or stay is the risk of homelessness. In 2023-2024, 40 per cent of CNV clients identified housing as a safety priority.[2]

It is simply unacceptable that our governments have been unwilling to prioritise the investment and legislative needed to keep families in safe and affordable housing.

CNV alone provided 16,944 nights of crisis and emergency accommodation to victim survivors (including children) in 2023-2024. We know that demand is increasing and has significantly outpaced availability of crisis and emergency accommodation.

It is inexcusable that specialist family violence and housing services are forced to turn victim survivors away, including children, from desperately needed housing support, because there is nowhere for them to go.

It is also lamentable that when we speak of ‘crisis accommodation’, what it often means are motel rooms.  With little option but to place those escaping family violence in small, often cramped motel rooms, with little to no access to cooking facilities or any safe spaces for children to play.

Victim survivors require better, and more targeted responses to crisis, emergency and transitional housing. The use of hotels and motels is not a viable, safe or financially sustainable option – and the sector’s over-reliance on the private hotel and motel industry to provide emergency accommodation to some of our most vulnerable community members is simply not appropriate.

Within this context, we must address the gendered drivers of violence against women and girls, children and diverse communities through effective policy and project development.

This requires significant systems change in addressing racism and discrimination. We know that our legal and government systems are not always working towards equality, and to reduce the number of people experiencing or at risk of homelessness, we must begin to dismantle barriers to equality and justice through targeted legislative reform.

We know what is needed to improve safety and give victim survivors a real choice to safely leave a violent relationship. At a minimum, this includes:

• At least 83,000 new dwellings for victim survivors over the next 25 years in Victoria;
• Increased investment in specialist family violence and homelessness services;
• An immediate increase to purpose-built crisis accommodation right across the country;
• Targeted prevention to reduce the risk of homelessness for people who are more vulnerable to becoming homeless.

We call on all levels of government to address major drivers of homelessness across the population, including racism and discrimination, the adequacy and security of income support, people’s access to affordable housing and importantly safety and wellbeing.

A safe, affordable, and decent home for our clients is the foundation for a safe, nourished life free from family violence. We know that an absence of safe, affordable housing options increases the likelihood of victim survivors remaining with a violent perpetrator.

A choice between facing homelessness or risking a return to the home of the perpetrator is no choice at all.

Every person should have the right to a safe place to call home.

[1] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2025). Specialist homelessness services annual report 2023–24. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/homelessness-services/specialist-homelessness-services-annual-report [accessed: 13 August 2025]

[2] Centre for Non-Violence. (2024). Annual Report 2023-2024. Retrieved from https://www.cnv.org.au/about/publications/ [accessed 13 August 2025]

Children are victim survivors in their own right. We know that family violence has significant impacts on children, young people and babies, even before they are born.

The changing paradigm echoes new research and understanding that places children at the forefront of family violence, rather than the periphery. We now understand so much more about the profound impacts of violence on children and young people than we ever have before. Importantly, we know that these impacts extend far beyond the immediate harm, and can include long-term effects on relationships, education, health, and wellbeing.

The most recent crime statistics (2023-2024) for Greater Bendigo show that children were present in 36% of family violence incidents attended by police. Of the 2,589 family violence incidents that police attended, there were children present at 932 of these.  We also note that family violence continues to be significantly unreported, and these figures only represent incidents where police were present.[1]

The signs are often subtle: clinginess in a toddler, aggression in a school-aged child, anxiety in a teen. These behaviours may be misunderstood or dismissed as “just a phase,” but for children experiencing family violence, they are symptoms of deep, invisible wounds. A baby who cannot sleep, a child who lashes out at classmates, a teenager who disengages from school—these are not isolated behavioural issues. They are often desperate expressions of trauma.

Family violence doesn’t only happen in the shadows. Its ripple effects can be found in classrooms, in doctors’ offices, and in playgrounds. The impacts on children are not just emotional or social, they are physical, neurological, and long-lasting. Research shows that trauma from family violence can disrupt brain development and trigger a chronic stress response in children. This can impair their ability to learn, manage emotions, and build healthy relationships, with consequences that can stretch across their lifespan.[2]

Importantly, the presence of family violence in a child’s life doesn’t always look like bruises or shouting. It can be the gnawing tension of unpredictable moods, the absence of a parent too emotionally depleted to engage, or the fear of becoming the next target. A child may be used as a pawn or blamed as a cause. Even if they are not the direct focus of abuse, children absorb its impacts: through missed milestones, illness, self-harm, or risky behaviours. These are not acts of rebellion.

They are calls for help.

ANROWS CEO Tessa Boyd has stated:

“Too often, children and young people’s experiences of violence are invisible in policy and practice. This guide reminds us that they are not just ‘witnesses’ but victims and survivors in their own right. Their voices, strengths, and needs must shape the systems designed to protect them. Ending violence requires us all to commit to policies that are informed by the lived realities of children and young people experiencing violence in their homes.”[3] Yet despite growing evidence, our systems are still catching up. The Victorian Royal Commission into Family Violence revealed that around 80% of child protection cases involve family violence, a figure that is now believed to be even higher. This isn’t just a child protection issue, it’s a community crisis. And it demands that we see children not as secondary victims, but as victim survivors in their own right.

To truly support these children, we must centre their voices and experiences in every aspect of our response. That means going beyond blanket solutions. It requires recognition that children and young people experience unique risk factors.

Dr Georgena Dimopoulos, a leading socio-legal scholar on children’s rights and participation in family law, says “There is no ‘one size fits all’.”[4] A child’s safety isn’t just about locks on doors, it’s about emotional stability, routine, connection, and hope. Children must be given the chance to tell their stories, to identify what makes them feel safe, and to help shape the systems designed to protect them.

What to do – how you can help:

• Listen – if a child makes a disclosure to you listen to what they are saying.   Hearing a child’s voice is important in supporting them through family violence.
• Observe/take notes – if you have concerns around a child, take notes of this, document your concerns – this can help if you need to make a report or a referral for a child
• Act –
  • if a child is at imminent risk from family violence call police – 000
  • if you believe a child is at serious/immediate risk from family violence you can make a report to Child Protection.  Reporter details are kept confidential.  – Child protection contacts – DFFH Services
  • for a secondary consult or if you are unsure if you need to make a report to Child Protection you can contact your local Orange Door – Support near you | orangedoor.vic.gov.au
  • link victim/survivors or People Using Violence with support from the following services – Family violence statewide support services | vic.gov.au
• Partner – even if you’ve made a report or referral for a family, it is important that you continue to provide both the child and their protective parent with support.  This could include, safety planning, emotional support, check ins etc.

[1] Crime Statistics Agency, December 2024, Family Violence Dashboard, https://www.crimestatistics.vic.gov.au/family-violence-data/family-violence-dashboard

[2] Safe and Equal, Supporting children and young people, Retrieved 5 August 2025,

https://safeandequal.org.au/working-in-family-violence/tailored-inclusive-support/children-and-young-people/

[3] Gillfeather-Spetere, S., & Watson, A. (2024). In their own right: Actions to improve children and young people’s safety from domestic, family and sexual violence (ANROWS Insights, 01/2024). ANROWS.

[4] Southern Cross University, August 2024, Victoria’s family violence system is failing children: new report, Retrieved 5 August 2025, https://www.scu.edu.au/news/2024/family-violence-system-in-victoria/

Our integrated teams work collaboratively to assess risk and tailor support using the MARAM framework: Victoria’s best practice model for family violence risk assessment and management. Within each team, specialists share critical information, plan jointly, and provide individualised responses to meet the complex needs of those affected by violence.  

The seeds of this integrated model were sown in 2005 when CNV began delivering men’s behaviour change programs. Around that time, we were considering how integrated responses could support improved outcomes for victim survivors and hold those using violence accountable. We recognised that fragmented services often failed to deliver lasting safety or accountability. This marked the start of a shift towards more connected service responses.

We undertook study tours abroad to explore international best practice. In the US, the Duluth Integrated Model offered valuable insights into coordinated perpetrator interventions. In the Netherlands, we observed a team-based approach where practitioners worked collectively with entire families: victim survivors (adults and children) to deliver coordinated and holistic support and response.   These international learnings inspired us to take bold steps toward full integration.

By 2009, CNV began implementing an integrated model, officially finalising it by 2011-2012. This approach was the first of its kind in Victoria, and possibly Australia. We approached the transition cautiously, due to limitations in information sharing laws and sector concerns, and developed strict protocols to manage safety and risk responsibly. Despite early scepticism, we proved that integrated, accountable, and safe systems could be developed and implemented effectively.

The late Hon. Fiona Richardson MP, then Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence, visited CNV during this period. Deeply impressed, she championed the model as the “gold star” approach to meeting the needs of victim survivors. The Royal Commission into Family Violence heard repeatedly about the need for stronger coordination and integration of systems and recommended the establishment of The Orange Door network: statewide safety and support hubs.  The hubs echo our integrated philosophy by bringing together child and family services, specialist family violence support, Aboriginal services, and child protection.

Today, the integrated practice model continues to reflect our founding vision, and we are continually working to strengthen and improve our approach and impact. The development of the model is a powerful example of what is possible with innovation, collaboration, and a deep commitment to safety and accountability.

At CNV, we have been taking small but intentional steps on this path for some time. In 2024, we published our first Innovate Reconciliation Action Plan (RAP), which outlines the next chapter of this journey.

Less than a year since our RAP was launched, some key projects and changes are already well underway. Our internal advisory committee – Ngladurrung Yanagyu – meaning walking together in Djaara language, was established early on to bring staff along the journey. This is crucial to bringing employees up to speed and moving from staff participation to endorsement and ownership.

One of the first actions was amending our Enterprise Bargaining Agreement so employees can opt to work on Invasion Day (January 26). This symbolic change enables staff to take a different day off in lieu, which shifts the focus from a day of celebration, to one of mourning and reflection, 32 staff opted to utilise this provision in the first year it was enacted.

A more long-term focus has been building and nurturing a culture of learning and self-reflection. This is a key part of staff orientation and carries through into ongoing systems, communications and external partnerships. The main focus is to educate staff, encourage self-reflection, and address underlying racism.

An important driver in these changes has been support at all levels of the organisation, with the work very much driven by CNV’s Board of Management. The Board developed and endorsed CNV’s Commitment to First Nations Peoples in May 2023, and are strong advocates for the RAP.

Margaret Augerinos, CEO of CNV, highlights how shifting workplace culture and attitudes is cornerstone in the RAP.

“A RAP is not just in the doing, it’s the changing of organisational culture so that we don’t have to think about these things, so that it’s already embedded in policies and processes,” she says.

Another key focus is building self-determination of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Wherever possible, we are engaging with First Nations owned businesses, from catering to printing and everything in between. A directory has been established to highlight key opportunities to work with local Aboriginal businesses and suppliers.

CNV participated in the Workplace Reconciliation Barometer (WRB) Survey. A biennial, nation-wide survey that looks at the attitudes towards and perceptions of reconciliation among employees of RAP organisations. Overall, we had positive results and important feedback on how to drive our reconciliation journey. The findings showed our staff’s commitment to participating in truth-telling activities (92%), 100% had participated in a National Reconciliation Event in 2024 and 68% view CNV has genuine and strong commitment towards reconciliation. This has been supported by CNV taking steps to create a more welcoming and culturally safe environment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, whilst also providing a space that supports staff learning, engagement and capacity building. This includes purchasing maps of First Nations lands and creating acknowledgement of country cards.

Moving forward we will continue to focus on building relationships with external stakeholders who are allies in reconciliation and community. This helps us to listen to and be led by First Nations voices, which is a crucial part of reconciliation. CNV a member of the Bendigo Reconciliation and Allyship Committee and has developed an action plan to drive key actions in the region at an individual, community and organisational level over the next 5 years.